The Impact of Fraction of Inspired Oxygen on the Development of Retinopathy of Prematurity: An Observational Study in Wonosari General Hospital”

Abstract

Introduction: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is an aberrant development of retinal blood vessels in premature infants and is the primary cause of blindness globally. The primary risk factor for ROP is oxygen concentration. Methods:This research was a quantitative survey utilising a cross-sectional methodology, involving 60 participants from Wonosari Regional General Hospital between January and December 2023, and employing a probability sample technique by simple random sampling. The utilised data were secondary data derived from patient medical records. The research tool comprised a questionnaire. The data analysis encompassed univariate and bivariate analyses with the Chi-Square statistical test.Results:The study's findings indicated that the oxygen fraction among preterm infants at Wonosari Regional General Hospital in 2023 included 90 respondents (71%); both FiO2 > 40% and FiO2 < 40% led to Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) in 26 respondents. In 2023, the prevalence of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) at Wonosari Regional General Hospital was 30 newborns (50%). A Chi-Square statistical test indicated a significant correlation between oxygen fraction and ROP incidence, yielding a p-value of 0.004 (p < 0.05).Conclusion The occurrence of retinopathy of prematurity at Wonosari Regional General Hospital in 2023 is correlated with the oxygen fraction.

 Keywords : Fraction Oxygen, Retinopathy of Prematurity,